I Am A Rwandan Who Respect Culture And Values Of Rwandans

Concerning my life, I’m a Rwandan who respect culture and values of Rwandans. As a person who is personally responsible for my life, I always do my best to strive for progress and success. Since my childhood, my life was not a very easy one. Consequently, I did not have everything that I needed. Nevertheless, my life’s experience has encouraged me to work hard and take advantage of all opportunities can positively change the course of my live. Being eligible to applying for this scholarship, itself, is a result of my hard work. I am the first born child of my family. I was born in 1994. This is the same year that our country experienced a genocide. My father died when I was three years old. This has negatively impacted my life, because he was the provider of our family. Since then, my mom has had to fill the gap so that we can survive. In addition to that, we lived in a rural area where there was no electricity, and few or no infrastructure at all. In my village, families usually did not send their children to school until they were 10 years old. Back then, no nursery schools were there, we had to start from the first grade of the primary school. My mom would be working at the plantation every day, while I had to stay home alone. At age of five, I had an idea of starting school. One day, after my mom left home, I followed primary school students to school. Arriving at school, they showed me where the first grade class was located and told me to go tell the teacher thatShow MoreRelatedCulture And Identity Of A Refugee Living Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss the importance of culture and identity of a refugee living in Canada, and how her experiences shaped her as a person and her future. I have interviewed a friend and colleague, named Elodie Bambuzuke who was born in Rwanda. Throughout this paper, I will also reflect on course material and various articles of interpersonal culture and how it relates to newcomers to Canada. My plan in this interview is to learn more about Elodie’s culture, her immigration to Canada, herRead MoreReligion Impact On Humans And World Views844 Words   |  4 Pagesmore about each other and they were more family oriented. Currently, both cultures individualistic and collectivistic are so distinct. One is family oriented, and the other is self oriented. Looking closer, individualistic people are obviously human doing because they are always busy trying to figure out what the future holds for them. They work tirelessly to a chieve their goals which also take all time. In collectivistic culture also, people are no longer different from individualistic when it comesRead MorePerception Of Merging Companies On Public Sector Performance9342 Words   |  38 Pagesfrom a partnership of many individuals. 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Financial and Marketing Proposal - 862 Words

Financial and Marketing Proposal John Doe Custom Snowboards Inc. Company History: Founded 1995 by James Rooney and Justin Stringer. Began as a small coat company but quickly expanded into making snowboarding equipment. Mission Statement: Custom Snowboards outfits outdoor enthusiasts with unmatched performance and advanced technology in snowboards and snowboarding equipment. Key competitors: Burton Snowboards, Salomon Snowboards Bonfire Snowboarding. Industry Background Apparel Manufacturing Industry grossed $7.2 Billion, 6% growth - 2008 Company and Industry Background 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 Net Sales $1,356,039 $1,287,672 $1,555,791 $1,095,307 $951,786 Net Income $144,452 $123,018 $130,736 $138,624 $120,121 Our recommendation is to expand into sports equipment industry by offering a full line of snowboards and snowboard equipment in Europe. Competitive Environment Industry Rivalry: Medium. Products are interchangeable Numerous established competitors Supplier Power: Low. Raw materials (wood) are plentiful, no threat of forward integration. Buyer Power: Low. products sold through many smaller retailers with limited bargaining power. Threat of Entry: Low. High Brand Awareness, economies of scale. Substitutes: Medium. Other extreme sports such as mountain biking, climbing, etc Snow Boarding Equipment Industry Five Force Analysis Sports Equipment Industry Broad Market Narrow MarketShow MoreRelatedMarketing Pl An Organization1658 Words   |  7 PagesWeek 8 Marketing Plan Lacey Davis A marketing plan is a strategic document outlining an organization’s advertising and marketing efforts describing its goals and objectives within a certain time period. **The components and dimensions are important in developing a marketing plan and useful to non-profit and profit organizations. 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During the 1990’s, most companies such as Apple, Nike, McDonalds etc. were substantially dependent on the marketing departments that emphasized on face to face meetings with the customers, and employees pushing

Smart Meter for Household Owner and Data - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSmart Meter for Household Owner and Data. Answer: Smart meters are the products, designed and developed in the project. The smart meters are preferred by the end users, who are regular users of electricity and energy and so, almost every household in the country would prefer to buy the product. Here, each and every household owner has to provide the basic personal details of him or her and register in the company, before the product is bought. This is the basic data element and apart from that each and every smart meter used by the household owner, generates data, every minute, when it is operated. Here, the individual customers details are considered as the basic or raw data elements. When all the personal details can be integrated with the data of utilization, meter identification number and the corresponding address of the customer and the result can be extracted as important information (Vojdani, 2008). This information can be useful for various uses, both good and bad. The good part is that a meaningful data, such as the overall consumption in an area, in a specific region can be extracted. However, the same data can be extracted for extracting personal data of the customers for various unhealthy practices too. Impact of Data Quality Prroblems Data quality, in the context of the smart meter project refers to the accuracy of the readings. The readings displayed and shown must be accurate, according to the consumption of the energy done, in the respective premises. If this data is not accurate and if the readings show either more or less units of consumption than the amount of energy consumption, actually done, the data quality problems do occur. And these quality problems do either incur the loss to the customer or the business of the company, which produce the smart meters. For Businesses The impact of the data quality problems of the smart meters would have more for the businesses in different ways. For example, if the smart meter shows lesser consumption of energy than the energy consumed actually, by the appliances operated and used by customer, the total billing at the end of the period of month, the customer pays lesser than what he or she has consumed. The business has to lose the difference of payment, between what actually consumed and what is paid. Eventually, the business of the energy supplier incurs the losses. Such data quality problems would always create conflict between the customers and energy Supplier Company. On the other hand, the data quality problem occurs, in terms of showing utility than the actual energy consumption, the customer would be annoyed and may get reluctant to pay. If the difference is small, the customer might not notice and may pay the bill to the energy supplying company. Eventually, the company may get profits, with more payment of bill, for less energy supplied by them. However, this practice may gradually, decrease the levels of trust on the energy supplier company, for charging more for the consumption of the energy or may develop mistrust over the quality of the services of the smart meter company (Tuan, 2009). Other data quality problems, such as database mis-integration would mismatch the name of the customer and the respective bill number. Eventually, customers trust would be declined, resulting in switching to other company of smart meter. In any instance, the business would have serious impact, when the quality of the data displayed and obtained by the smart meter is deteriorated and inaccurate. For Individuals Here, the individuals are the customers, who buy the smart meter and receive the services from the United Energy. The data quality problems reflect directly on these individuals, as they get either less or more energy utility bill than they actually consumed for. The customer feels happy, for lesser bill and gets unhappy and annoyed, when they get more bills (Suriyakala, 2007). In each of the case, the trust on the services of smart meter would decline, undoubtedly. The other kind of data quality problems associated can be the mis-integration of data. The names of the energy consumer and the bill may not match and it may lead to the frustration of the consumer. Eventually, the consumer may withdraw to receive the services from the company of smart meter and may switch to another company, which would also impact the business of the smart meter business. Ethical Issues form Data Quality Problems Privacy The ethical issues from data quality problems are arise from the privacy issues. Apart from the utility companies, certain sections of individuals and people may be interested to steal the data of the end users. These sections of people may include civil litigants, ex-spouses, extortionists, illegal consumers of energy, political leaders having vested interests, terrorists, and thieves for various purposes like the status levels and for their presence at the homes, etc. Individuals are very prone to threats, resulted from the negative uses of their private or personal data. The customers, who are individuals, may get serious security and privacy risks, since their data can be easily transmitted and shared among various parties and business people (Hafner et al., 2006). The usage of the personal data of the individuals can be used in anyways by the other individuals, who are hackers and attackers and business people, where the usage is limited to their imagination. In addition to these concerns, the personal data of teh customer may also be used integrated and extracted as the information, in the way hackers want. The major concern from this aspect is that this data can reveal the information, regarding the presence of the customers, at respective homes and the kind of appliances they have been using in their homes. Eventually, it is very easy for the customers, to get reluctant to share their personal data and buy the smart meter product, which would impact the sale and the overall success of the smart meter project. And if the customers take the connection of the smart meters, they would be reluctant and unwilling to share and communicate their data about energy consumption, along with the data of smart meter of their neighbours. This aspect and concern would impact the choice of parameters for transmission and authentication administration, for accessing such information (Bennet Highfill, 2008). Data Ownership Once the smart meter project gets commenced, each and every piece of data collected from the customers, vendors and any kind of data, except allowed for advertising purpose should be carefully exposed to the world. Each and every piece of the data completely owned by United Energy company, which is the key stakeholder of the company. The company has to follow and abide to the policies set locally and nationally, Australian Communication and Media Authority(Cohen, 2010). So, any of the complaints and concerns regarding the privacy and security of the data must be addressed and accountable by United Energy company. Even if the customer data is hacked or breached, the company would be responsible. If the company sells the customer or any personal data to the third party, the company has to compensate with respective punishment, if such facts are proved by the regulation authority. Responsibilities of Data Quality Problems The data quality problems may be arising from various factors, such as management, organization and technical factors. Management Factors Most usually, data quality problems are occurred because of the management factors. Usually, organizational and technical factors are anticipated most often and the viable and accurate technical methods and organizational procedures are followed (Samarakoon Ekanayaka, 2009). So, the management factors that are responsible for data quality problems, can be, Human error in data entry, retrieval, etc. Changes to source systems Mixed expectations by the customers System errors External data Manual errors, while writing the applications Workforce management Daily workflow Billing systematic Asset management Organization Factors Procedures and methods effective implementation, even when the customer base is increased, unexpectedly Organizational methods that are prone to security and privacy risks of the personal and potential data Choice of parameters offered and employed Data storage, maintenance and management Weaker authentication Design, development, utilization, deployment and maintenance of smart meters Technology Factors Implementation of the technology accurately The degree and levels of testing to ensure the accuracy of the technology implemented Improper infrastructure for new technology synchronization Ways of networking the appliances and devices with smart network, in communication network Deployment of communication network at certain regions and localities, issued from certain terrestrial difficulties Insecured collaborative operations High traffic, and limit over transmission of data, because of low bandwidth Integration of devices for the operation of demodulation, modulation, etc. Transmission of energy consumption data over the networks of public communication Quality of implemented software Weaker protocols Error handling Improper session management Limitation in data capacity, network coverage, propagation issues, etc. Safety and accommodation issues in data concentrators Though there are many technical challenges and factors, the probability of these factors is less, as they are one time set and used (Han Lim, 2010). Project Issues Potential Security Issues During Project There are many issues that should be addressed, arise especially, from the privacy and security effects, related to the smart meters. The smart meters can be exposed to cyber attacks. The solution for such potential security issues can be obtained by the cyber security experts. According to these experts, the smart meters in Germany and UK are well secured with increased cyber security, relatively and attacks to these smart meters need considerably more financial resources and efforts. Recovery Plans Security protocols can be a better solution to the potential security issues of the smart meters, such as protection from new exploits and malicious attacks. However, there are many challenges to such solution, such as long spans of operational life and limited computational resources. There can be certain solutions that the smart meters can be connected through wireless-only, having no control, monitoring or safety features of home energy. For example, kill switch can be one of the solutions, through it works as the final alternative solution. The data recovery is an important aspect for the smart meter, to ensure that the data related to the customers, in terms of their data related to the electricity consumption as well as their individual data would be protected with enough care and recovered, if the data is lost. The security issues can be encountered with the Intrusion Detection System. It can enable verification method, by network traffic analysis in real time, so that any possible anomalies can be detected. Once the exploits that are leveraged by attackers, get identified, the risk of theft of data, by the attackers and can also mitigate the attacks of denial-of-service, by hackers. Better security can be gained by the architecture of centralized IDS, which is also cost effective. The smart meter project can also be effected by the customers, who can manipulate the readings of the utility of their electricity. It is possible, technically that the devices can be reprogrammed by the customers, so that the results shown would be incorrect and benefit the customers, by showing lesser utilities of energy (Lee lai, 2009). Hence, the program written and executed in the smart meters, should be read-only with no option of reprogramming to the end-users or even by the unauthorized programmers. Kind of Information Containing The information containing is the data about the personal information, such as name, address, contact number, profession, etc. The data obtained and collected from the smart meters can make the business to make use of the data and become monopoly, and can become current energy data control. In addition the energy suppliers become monopoly and can start any new clauses for the energy data control, as they contain ongoing and existing communication channels with energy consumers that would be very difficult and expensive to replicate for other organizations. Hence, the framework of data privacy states that consent has to be verified and validated against the matching energy consumer by taking reasonable steps. Then the feedback has to be provided on a regular basis back to the energy consumer, as a feedback. So, obtaining and maintaining consent cost for smart meter data usage is higher, for the companies and organizations that wish to use the data of the smart meters, significantly, in the public interest, such as for benefit of energy suppliers. Key Backup and Recovery Requirements Backup has to be done every end of the day and copy of the updated database has to be maintained by the administrator and the operations manager, every day. Day to day files can also be updated into the Google drives, if the volume is enough and permitted. Recommendations to solve the problems The United Energy Company has to enable the technical, organizational and legal resources so that the standards can be complied, needed for accessing or using the data of the smart meter and maintain the quality of data. The company has to go automate data profiling. The project management has to maek collaboration among the information workers, such as data stewards, business analysis, decision makers, data analysts. The company has to provide data issues view in the context (Tuan, 2009). So, technical data quality has to be set standards and monitoring for the formats, content, structure and integrity. Business data quality has to be standardized and monitored with data domains, business rules, and business context and reference data. References Bennett C. and Highfill, D. 2008. Networking AMI smart meters, in Proc. IEEE Energy 2030 Conference, Atlanta, GA. pp. 1 8 Britton J. 2016. Smart Meter Data and Public Interest Issues: The Sub-National Perspective. Cohen, F. 2010. The smarter grid, IEEE Security Privacy, vol. 8, pp. 60 63. DECC. 2014. DECC Smart Meter Impact Assessment. Deconinck G. and Decroix, B. 2009. Smart metering tariff schemes combined with distributed energy resources, in Proc. Fourth International Conference on Critical Infrastructures, Linkoping, Sweden., pp. 1 8. Hafner, A. Lima, C.R.E. and Lopes, H.S. 2006. An electric energy quality meter using hardware reconfigurable computing, in Proc. IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, Singapore. pp. 1 6. Hafner, A. Lima, C.R.E. and Lopes, H.S. 2006. An electric energy quality meter using hardware reconfigurable computing, in Proc. IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, Singapore. pp. 1 6. Han D.M. and Lim, J.H. 2010. Smart home energy management system using IEEE 802.15.4 and zigbee communication, IEEE Trans. on Consumer Electronics, vol. 56, pp. 1403 1410. Il-Kwon, Y. Nam-Joon, J. and Young-Il, K. 2009. Status of advanced metering infrastructure development in Korea, in Proc. Transmission Distribution Conference Exposition: Asia and Pacific, Seoul, South Korea. pp. 1 3 Lee P.K. and Lai, L.L 2009. Smart metering in micro-grid applications in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Society General Meeting, Calgary, Canada., pp. 1 5 Samarakoon K. and Ekanayake, J. 2009. Demand side primary frequency response support through smart meter control, in Proc. 44th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Glasgow, UK. pp. 1 5. Sang, C.H. Yamazaki, T. and Minsoo, H 2009. Determining location of appliances from multi-hop tree structures of power strip type smart meters, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 55, pp. 2314 2322. Suriyakala C.D. and Sankaranarayanan, P.E. 2007. "Smart multiagent architecture for congestion control to access remote energy meters," in Proc. International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications, Sivakasi, India., pp. 24-28. Tuan, D. 2009. The Energy Web: Concept and challenges to overcome to make large scale renewable and distributed energy resources a true reality, in Proc. 7th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, Cardiff , UK. Valigi E. and Marino, E. 2009. Networks optimization with advanced meter infrastructure and smart meters, in Proc. International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution, Prague, Czech Republic. pp.1 4. Vojdani, A. 2008. Smart Integration, IEEE Power Energy Magazine, vol. 6, pp. 71 79.

Journal of Seismology for Project Management - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theJournal of Seismology for Project Management Journal. Answer: This paper explores the approaches of identifying the components of a project. The product-based planning is a significant part of the PRINCE2 method which is used in recognizing the deliverables of a project (Bentley, 2010). On the other hand, the work or activity-based approach involves designing the office in a way that the work and the activities are supported instead of creating boundaries around the users (Engestrm, 2014). The two approaches compares since they are concerned on the project deliverables. However, I prefer the work or activity-based approach since it is designed for the office and every individual engages in the activities. Key reasons why the project estimates go wrong are the false analogies, the case where the project was estimated by decree, the false precision, subjectivity, the too coarse grained and the neglecting coordination (Flyvbjerg, 2014). Various methods of project estimation are the expert judgment method, the analogous or comparative method, the top-down, the bottom-up, and the parametric method of estimation. I think the expert judgment is better for project estimation since it is common. People can easily understand the needs which needs to be delivered. At the same time, experts can be found who should work on a certain project. There are various risk identification tools and techniques. They include the reviews for documentation, the Delphi method, and information searching methods, interviewing, and brainstorming (Bommer, Crowley Pinho, 2015). Risk mitigation involves employing strategies to minimize the negative impacts. The main response strategies for risk mitigation are: avoidance which involves the elimination of risky tasks examples time and resources. Acceptance involves risk planning for the project examples the costs, time, and resources. Prepare and monitor used for main risks, an example is monitoring schedule for an x personnel and it exceeds the y personnel. References Bentley, C. (2010). Prince2: a practical handbook. Routledge. Bommer, J. J., Crowley, H., Pinho, R. (2015). A risk-mitigation approach to the management of induced seismicity. Journal of Seismology, 19(2), 623-646. Engestrm, Y. (2014). Activity theory and learning at work. In Ttigkeit-Aneignung-Bildung (pp. 67-96). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Flyvbjerg, B. (2014). What you should know about megaprojects and why: An overview. Project Management Journal, 45(2), 6-19.

Business Documents free essay sample

English editing (or re-writing) can cause discomfort, because it often reveals hidden weaknesses in the original document. But companies willing to accept the treatment and put in any work necessary will produce a document that shines. By turning existing, long-winded and inaccessible text into clear writing, plain English can shine an uncomfortably bright light on flaws in the original content that would otherwise remain unnoticed. The reality is that in many businesses, a lot of very talented and experienced professionals can spend an awful lot of time doing fantastic research and work only to produce a document that fails dismally to do them credit. Why do all that work if the final report, which may be so critical, simply isn’t fit for purpose? Companies and organisations are increasingly recognising that the reports they produce need to read clearly. They recognise that the text needs to be in plain English. The author is not the reader. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Documents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Putting the text through the plain English editing process can polish text until it shines with clarity. That’s great if the bones of the report, the facts and figures and findings etc, are already solid. But sometimes, the editing process itself can throw up uncomfortable questions. It reveals flaws in original document, highlights waffle, questions in-house jargon, and draws attention to unsubstantiated claims. And that’s when a businesses’ true grit shows. ‘Your editing highlighted the fact that there were holes in just about every paragraph,’ one client told me. ‘The plain English showed us just how many gaps we need to fill before we can send the report to our client. ’

The Popular Mathematical Symbol

The Popular Mathematical Symbol Hashtag: Happy Pi Day (Pi -Mathematical Constant) Commemorating Pi on 3/14/15 The Popular Mathematical Symbol The Greek letter Ï€ or Pi a mathematical symbol equivalent to 3.14159, the ratio of a circle’s circumference in relation to its diameter. Pi fascinated the greatest thinkers of our time and achieved an iconic status in the world of nerds, geeks, and math educators. According to Piday.org, Pi is an â€Å"irrational and transcendental number† but a unique and fascinating number with over a trillion non-repeated digits beyond its decimal point. It is extremely useful measuring trigonometric and geometric shapes such as the area of a circle and volume of a cylinder. Pi is a widely known mathematical constant due to its ubiquity and almost infinite but non-repetitive or patterned digits. The Ï€ symbol first appears in William Jones’ â€Å"Synopsis palmarium mathesis† in 1706 to represent the decimal 3.141592. The reason is that Pi in decimal form is infinite and therefore cannot represent the exact proportion between the diameter and circumference of a circle. The symbol was popularized by Leonhard Euler in 1737 and became a universally accepted symbol for Pi in 1934. Historically, Pi has been a challenged to many mathematicians around the world. For instance, Tsu Chung-Chih, Chinese mathematician computed the first seven digits of Pi in the 5th century. Al-Kashi in Samarkand, on the other hand, improved that further and calculated 2Ï€ in sexagesimal, which is accurate to seventeen decimal places. The variant series of PI was calculated by Indian mathematician Madhava using Gregory-Leibniz series for Ï€ (3,3). Wanna know more? Go here: The Misdemeanors of Well-Educated People in Public Office The Contribution of Academic Institutions in Childrens Well-Being Combining Academic Knowledge and Practicality The Limits of Academic Freedom Is High IQ a Guarantee of Academic Success What We Really Know About Pi Most students can easily recognize the Pi symbol because it reminds them of not only the formula for getting the diameter of a circle but the need to multiply together the series of terms such as Ï€ (4,6,9) = 16. The ability of students to recognize and work with mathematical symbols according to study is a sign of intellectual advancement in mathematics. The reason is that although Pi or Ï€ is often introduced in the upper elementary grades, many people are not aware of the numerical value and uses of Pi. The knowledge that Pi has over a trillion digits was given to us by computer’s superior computational ability. The fascination about Pi pushed scientist and mathematicians to harness the astonishing computational power of modern  computers. Newer techniques have been developed to further accelerate computations of Pi such as FFT or Fast Fourier Transform and computations using supercomputers from NASA’s Ames Research Center and Hitachi. However, these computations only disclosed significant hardware defect and computational errors rather than resolving the ubiquity of Ï€. The mysterious mathematical constant attracted professional scientist, mathematicians, and the lay public. There are hundreds of websites, internet-based clubs, and thousand of online research papers dealing with Pi. Contents of popular books, television shows, and movies are evidence of fascination with Pi. â€Å"Wolf in the Fold†, a Star Trek episode shown in 1967 was about foiling an evil computer by asking it to compute Pi’s last digit. In 1996, MSNBC Network aired a news segment about Pi while the decimal 3.1459 were used in movies such Matrix Reloaded where the Key Maker warns that a door will be accessible after 314 seconds. The mystery of Pi is still unresolved and the fascination that started thousands of years ago is expected to continue along with developments and latest findings of mathematicians and computer scientist in the field of Pi.

Life as a function of biological definitions Essay

Life as a function of biological definitions - Essay Example Perhaps one of the most complex questions that biology attempts to answer is not who are we and where have we come from;but rather the simplest of answers – what defines life?Depending on who is asked and what journals and/or texts are consulted,the researcher attempting to answer such a question will likely be led down a host of different paths. However, oftentimes the best way to define something that is infinitely complex is to draw a very broad definition that focuses on the key attributes and elements that are displayed while also drawing on the key attributes and elements that are noticeably missing. In this way, it is necessary to work to define life as well as to provide many of the prior and current definitions that scientists have used to attempt to determine what is living from what is not. One might question why such an absolute definition is such an integral facet of understanding biology; citing the fact that life is obvious to the observer when it is seen. Howev er, this is not always the case. Due to the recent advances that have been made in biology and genetics as they relate to the creation of â€Å"living† wetwear and other engineered forms of life, the observer finds it increasingly difficult to define with a high level of certainty what is life and what is not. Due to the fact that scientists are ever coming closer to engineering and â€Å"creating† more and more complex forms of â€Å"non natural/human engineered† life, the necessity for a clear and actionable comes into clear focus. Thus the purpose of this essay will be to weigh those competing definitions and draw inference based on their requisite strengths and weaknesses. Similarly, scientists have struggled over the years to uniformly define life based on its most common attributes. For instance, in 1944, physicist Erwin Schrodinger defined life as â€Å"that which avoids the decay into equilibrium†. Although this definition is at least partially va lid, there are non-life forms that ascribe to this same level of meaning. For instance, few biologists would argue that a forest fire is a life form. It grows, reproduces, and resists entropy. One could even argue that to a certain degree fire consumes energy to produce thermal heat as well as performs a type of respiration; all of these are verifiable attributes of life. However, fire is most certainly not a life form. However, even considering the shortcomings of this particular definition, there is the additional shortcoming that all life, regardless of its form, eventually seeks entropy as well. In this way, it is clear that although certain processes may avoid decay into equilibrium, it is unwise to call these processes a life form due to the fact that eventually all matter, energy, and life seeks entropy (Jagers op Akkerhuis 248). Similarly, many biologists have hearkened back to Darwin in order to determine what defines life. Those that ascribe to distinctly Darwinian school of thought define life as that which resists entropy and seeks to perpetuate a self-sustaining system cable of evolution. Although this definition is useful, it is similarly too broad to adequately narrow the focus of the researcher/student in understanding the complex nature of life. Likewise, many others conclude that metabolism is a requirement for something to be considered a life form. Regardless of the particular variety of life that is being analyzed, the common denotation of this is that all life requires a form of metabolic processes in order to synthesize, utilize, and extract useful energy for life. Similarly, this process invariably utilizes H20. As such, many biologists have appropriately theorized that all life requires H20 as a functional component of cellular growth, respiration, and division. Although this is merely supposition, the evolution of life on other planets may well utilize another more plentiful means of growth, division, and respiration than H20. Due to the fact that

Macroeconomics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomics - Case Study Example In other words, the level of investment determines the level of saving and not the other way around (Michl 2002, p.43). The point has been argued for the next 70 years and both theories have at times fallen in and out of favour. Thomas Palley of the AFL-CIO wrote in a 1996 paper that, "The view that saving causes investment is widely identified with classical macroeconomics, while the view that investment causes saving is widely identified with Keynesian macroeconomics. However, deeper inspection reveals that both theoretical perspectives are capable of producing bidirectional causality, and this limits the usefulness of theory for resolving this crucial matter" (p.5). Supply side economics has run headlong into the demand side theories and have resulted in numerous, and yet valid, academic arguments on both sides. According to theory, "...saving can never be different from intended investment, in equilibrium" (McCain 2007). The Paradox of Thrift is one explanation, though not the only one, of how savings can influence an economy's production and increase the unemployment rate. Supply side economics maintains that the marginal tax rate, the rate at which the next dollar earned is taxed, directly influences people's propensity to work, save, and invest (Gwartney 2002). By reducing the marginal tax rate investors are stimulated to invest in a business that may be too risky under a higher tax rate. Lower tax rates may spur people to work harder or longer hours and save their money. Indeed, the tax rate has often been used by governments to stimulate investment. According to Gwartney (2002), "Of eighty-six countries with a personal income tax, fifty-five reduced their top marginal tax rate during the 1985-90 period, while only two (Luxembourg and Lebanon) increased their top rate. Countries that substantially reduced their top marginal tax rates include Australia, Brazil, France, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United Kingdom". Many critics saw these deep tax cuts as a bonanza for the rich and argued that the increased tax revenues during this perio d were simply the result of an in increase in demand. However, during this period of tax cuts in the United States, "...the income tax revenue collected from the top 10 percent of earners rose from $150.6 billion in 1981 to $199.8 billion in 1988, an increase of 32.7 percent" (Gwartney 2002). It can be inferred that a lower rate and increased revenue were the result of a massive increase in wealth for the top 10% that came from capital investment. It would seem that supply side economics had proven itself once and for all. Demand side theorists continued to point to the Paradox of Thrift and its effect on consumption and production. Advocates of demand side economics contend that, "...a decrease in spending leads to a decrease in employment, which leads to a further decrease in spending, which leads to a further decrease in employment, which leads to a yet further decrease in spending, and so on" (Thies, 1997). Some economists contend that corporate cost cutting is a path to a 'corporate paradox of thrift' which could lead to massive layoffs and firings' (Shostik 2002). Individual savings decreases spending for the consumer class and so any increase in savings decreases consumption and increases

Evidence-based practice in nursing Research Paper

Evidence-based practice in nursing - Research Paper Example The motivators for evidence-based practice in nursing, also called evidence-based nursing (EBN), come from political, professional and societal factors (McSherry et al., 2006 cited in Scott & McSherry, 2009, p.1085). This paper explores the pros and cons of evidence-based practice in nursing. It analyzes the concepts of clinical expertise, patient preferences, and caring in the context of evidence-based nursing. It also examines the impact of these practices on the art of nursing as a practice. Pros and Cons of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing Evidence-based practices, when applied to nursing, can enhance patient outcomes by improving clinical decisions (Scott & McSherry, 2009, p.1087). Evidence-based practice is a combination of patient values and clinical conditions with the best research evidence in clinical decision making (Brown et al., 2010, p.1945). Patient preferences are also used in making decisions. The processes of evidence-based practices concern practical steps that m aximize the best evidence. Evidence-based practice starts with asking an answerable question in a specific clinical situation, collecting the best relevant evidence, critically evaluating the evidence, and using the evidence in consideration of patient preferences in clinical decision-making (Brown et al., 2010, p.1945). The systematic approach in finding and evaluating the best evidence is critical to producing quality patient results (Scott & McSherry, 2009, p.1087)... its framework (when and if it is defined and mandated by organizations) and actual implementation (Rolfe, Segrott, & Jordan, 2008; Scott & McSherry, 2009). McKenna (2010) argued that evidence-based practices create confusion, because of the delimiting definition of evidence. Rolfe, Segrott, and Jordan (2008) studied nurses’ understanding and interpretation of evidence-based practice (EBP). Findings showed that tensions and contradictions in nurses’ understanding of evidence-based practice were prevalent. National and local guidelines, nurses’ own experiences and patients’ preferences continue to dominate the practice of nursing for their sampling. Brown et al. (2010) noted from their studies that personal and management barriers hinder the implementation of evidence-based practices. Evidence-based practice in nursing reduces the importance of soft approaches to nursing practice (McKenna, 2010). Paley (2006) examined the well-known concepts of expertise and clinical judgment, which evidence-based practice tend to undermine. For him, evidence-based practice should not overlook the value and role of clinical judgment in making quality patient decisions. He stressed: â€Å"†¦clinical expertise is interpreted as that which is required in order to integrate the research evidence with professional experience, context, circumstances, patient preferences, various holistic considerations, and so on†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p.87). Kitson (1997) suggested that evidence-based practices cannot be simply transferred directly to individual components of health care (i.e. nursing and midwifery) and merely translating evidence-based management as evidence-based practices in nursing may be inaccurate without changing some elements that underlie the conceptual framework of evidence-based practices

Intrusion Detection Systems in Security

Intrusion Detection Systems in Security Abstract Modern world provide the latest system of internet which is disputing for the security of information systems. The defense of information is becoming the part and parcel for internet day by day. Current Intrusion Detection systems cannot make sure to detect attacks in real time environment as it has insufficient ability to do that. To cope with latest invasions attack, database should be rationalized time to time. Systems fall squat to recognize fresh attacks due to lack of domain familiarity. If there is any lack of domain familiarity, Intrusion Detection system can fall squat to recognize new attack. In Wireless and AD HOC networks, Information security revolves into imperative role. Possibility of vulnerability to attacks rises as for their flexible nature. A few intrusion detection schemes suggested for where wired networks are not sufficient for Wireless and AD HOC networks. In AD HOC networks, it is significant for such slant that is proficient to intellect any variety of eccentric actions. In fact, it is out of ability of technology to encumber each single contravention. In this thesis I am going to model a IDS using time series techniques for wireless AD HOC network by which it can detect intruders. Time series is a technique by which we can detect intrusion. To form the rapid change of time series data, the technique applies the Auto-Regressive (AR) method, and achieves in order hypothesis test to detect the intrusion. By means of time and location correlation, the systems and modes verify the existence of anomalous commotion, as well as its occurring time and location. It is proved and demonstrates that the experimental outcomes perform better with the recommended method in detecting the intrusion. Acknowledgements Introduction Security is the major issue for the wireless and Mobile AD HOC network because it is using â€Å"AIR† as media .Research project address this part as Intrusion Detection. Mounting world cannot imagine even for a single day without computer and computer is basis on internet. Nowadays secure information of internet is becoming very high priority. Modern world emphases in a way by which it can be protect the data and information from any illicit and unauthorized access. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can be differs in various techniques and advance with the objective to detect suspicious traffic in dissimilar ways. There are two significant categories of intrusion detection systems. One is called network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) and the other one is host-based intrusion system (HIDS). The existing system that detects attacks based on looking for specific signature of identified threats. It reveals particularly that we may have two sets of data; one is of usual and common data and other one apprehensive and suspicious data. So intrusion detection systems match the data with the set of normal and suspicious data and if the deference between the two set is above a threshold value then intrusion is detected. Currently, if Internet infrastructure assault such as man in the middle attack, denial of service attacks and worms infection, have become one of the most serious threats to the network security [1]. It is very likely feasible to detect the attacks and abnormal behaviors if there is sufficient and efficient method and technique exists for monitor and examine, and it can not only make sure proceed warning of potential attacks, but also help out to recognize the reasons, source and locations of the anomalies. By this way, it may assist to restrain the attacks, sooner than they have enough time to broadcast across the network. This document represents the method, in support of detecting network anomalies by analyzing the unexpected change of time series data .With the comparison of other anomaly detection methods. We have focal point on the vibrant behavior of the network rather than using the static models. Our process and method concerns the Auto-Regressive (AR) process to model the r apid and unexpected change of time series data, and performs sequential hypothesis test in contrast with two adjoining non-overlapping windows of the time series to detect the anomalies Aim and Objectives Aim: The aim of this thesis is to design and implement a IDS for wireless network to detect and monitoring malicious activities by using time series analysis techniques. Objectives: ïÆ'Ëœ Review current intrusion detection systemïÆ'Ëœ Analyze the data with suspicious activitiesïÆ'Ëœ Design appropriate system architecture for IDSïÆ'Ëœ Implement the system using time series analysisïÆ'Ëœ Testing and evaluate the system.ïÆ'Ëœ Future work Academic Background Intrusion detection system In general, an Intrusion Detection System is not an antivirus program to detect virus or not a network logging system for detecting complete vulnerability or not a vulnerability tools which can check bus, flaws and network services. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a software or hardware by which we can detect hackers, male ware and bots. There are few types of Intrusion detection system like Network Intrusion Detection System, Protocol-based Intrusion Detection System, Application protocol-based Intrusion Detection System and Host-based Intrusion Detection System etc. Now a day, wireless network is increasing dramatically. We are trying to make everything which can connect to internet without wire. Compare to wired network, it is easy to capture the channel of wireless network for an intruders.Why We Need Intrusion Detection System Why we need IDS An overview of current intrusion detection system Wireless networks are extremely vulnerable to man in the middle attack, DOS and other attacks because they depend on a shared communication medium as well as depend on limited resources. Wireless ad hoc networks do not have a central control as wireless LANs and they also provide a dynamic topology. This increases the complexity of the intrusion detection schemes in ad hoc networks. Network Anomaly Detection Using Time Series Analysis According to Qingtao Wu and Zhiqing Shaos research paper, This research paper explain to detect network intrusion using time series analysis. Anomaly and sequential detection with time series data Intrusion Detection Alert Flow Processing Using Time Series Analysis Methods Processing intrusion detection alert aggregates with time series modeling Compare Wired and Wireless Intrusion Detection System (Dragan Pleskonjic) In wired network, Intruder should be attached physically. Intruder needs a direct connectivity into the network.It is possible to trace the intruder In wireless network, Intruder does not require any physical connection. So Intruder can stay everywhere. There are no difference between internal and external network so it is difficult to specify the attack whether it is insider or outsider.The border of Defense of wireless networks is weak compare to wired network.

Martin Luther King as a Role Model Essays -- Civil Rights Papers

Martin Luther King as a Role Model Everyone has someone that they look up to. It may be a hero or a role model. Martin Luther King serves as a role model for many African Americans because of his contributions and fight towards civil rights. King became very popular and touched the lives of many. According to Robert A. Divine and other authors of America Past and Present, the arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a massive protest movement that witnessed the emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr., as an eloquent new spokesman for African Americans. King led a prominent bus boycott in honor of Mrs. Parks. The boycott successfully ended a year later when the Supreme Court ruled the Alabama segregated law unconstitutional. As a result, King became well known around the world with his belief of passive resistance. He visited Third World leaders in Africa and in Asia and paid homage to Ghandi. He led a victorious Prayer Pilgrimage to Washington in 1957 on the third anniversary of the Brown decision. He held many vigils and led many protests to end segregation. King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to promote others to fight against segregation a year after the bus boycott. Then, in April 1960, he found the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). These newly formed coalitions led to "dramatic success for the movement, but also ushered in a period of heightened tension and social turmoil in the 1960s. By 1968, he was winning the hearts and minds of more and more Americans on both sides of the color line. His efforts successfully merged the a... ... Select Committee also concluded that "James Ray fired one shot at Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; the shot killed King." After the House Select Committee released its final Report in 1979, Committee Chairman Louis Stokes (D-Ohio) and Chief Counsel G. Blakey ordered that all of the committee's backup. Credits Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters : America in the King Years, 1954-63. Simon & Schuster, 1988. Divine, Robert, et al. America: Past and Present. 5th edition; volume II, Addison Wesley, New York: 1999. Garrow, David J. bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Confrence. Morrow, 1986. Jakoubek, Robert E. Martin Luther King, Jr. Chelsea Hse., 1989 For younger readers. Lewis, David L. King: A Biography. 2nd ed. Univ. of Illinois Pr., 1978. Martin Luther King as a Role Model Essays -- Civil Rights Papers Martin Luther King as a Role Model Everyone has someone that they look up to. It may be a hero or a role model. Martin Luther King serves as a role model for many African Americans because of his contributions and fight towards civil rights. King became very popular and touched the lives of many. According to Robert A. Divine and other authors of America Past and Present, the arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a massive protest movement that witnessed the emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr., as an eloquent new spokesman for African Americans. King led a prominent bus boycott in honor of Mrs. Parks. The boycott successfully ended a year later when the Supreme Court ruled the Alabama segregated law unconstitutional. As a result, King became well known around the world with his belief of passive resistance. He visited Third World leaders in Africa and in Asia and paid homage to Ghandi. He led a victorious Prayer Pilgrimage to Washington in 1957 on the third anniversary of the Brown decision. He held many vigils and led many protests to end segregation. King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to promote others to fight against segregation a year after the bus boycott. Then, in April 1960, he found the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). These newly formed coalitions led to "dramatic success for the movement, but also ushered in a period of heightened tension and social turmoil in the 1960s. By 1968, he was winning the hearts and minds of more and more Americans on both sides of the color line. His efforts successfully merged the a... ... Select Committee also concluded that "James Ray fired one shot at Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; the shot killed King." After the House Select Committee released its final Report in 1979, Committee Chairman Louis Stokes (D-Ohio) and Chief Counsel G. Blakey ordered that all of the committee's backup. Credits Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters : America in the King Years, 1954-63. Simon & Schuster, 1988. Divine, Robert, et al. America: Past and Present. 5th edition; volume II, Addison Wesley, New York: 1999. Garrow, David J. bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Confrence. Morrow, 1986. Jakoubek, Robert E. Martin Luther King, Jr. Chelsea Hse., 1989 For younger readers. Lewis, David L. King: A Biography. 2nd ed. Univ. of Illinois Pr., 1978.

Preventing bullying in schools: A guide for teachers and other professionals Essay

The issues associated with bullying and violence in school is seen to be rampant even in the community. These issues are related to threats, physical aggression, and harassment and teasing. However, it is important to note that the behavior should not be accepted as it is an anti-social behavior which destabilizes the quality of school environment. At the same time, it is responsible for interfering with the academic performance of the student and social interaction. There are those students that will find themselves suffering from physical and emotional trauma which may lead to extreme cases of violence (Rigby & Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010). Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to condemn the acts associated with bullying and come up with strategies that can be applied by both the parents and the school to stop the acts of bullying and violence in schools and the community. At the same time, the paper will look at the facts associated with bullying and the reasons why students engage themselves in the act in order to come up with the suitable strategy. One of the most fundamental things is to understand the reason as to why majority of the adolescent children become bullies. The term bully is used to ascertain and explain an individual who engages himself in verbal, physical or psychological harassment or aggression towards others. The main reason for them to engage in such behaviors has always been to gain dominance and power over the other individuals (Lee, 2004). Three main issues usually point out to the reason as to why the children might pick up the bullying traits. The first issue is associated with family factors whereby the children might not receive the required supervision from the parents. Children who witness the act of bullying by their parents or siblings have the highest chances of being bullies themselves as they grow up. The children who have negative concepts and perceptions in life are explained to receive the same at home, which is sometimes accompanied by physical punishments (Rigby, 2007). They always live in fear and will find themselves attacking others before they are attacked as a form of protection. As they are bullying the others, they feel comfortable, as it is the only way they can experience importance and power. The second issue is associated with school factor whereby the trait is reinforced as the children intimidate their counterparts (Rigby & Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010). The students that receive negative feedback all the time as compared to other students are vulnerable to become bullies in order to be recognized. The final nature is through peer group factors. Students who are in schools or neighborhoods that advocate bullying will find themselves engaging in these behaviors. They will engage in bullying with the aim to fit in even if they are uncomfortable with the entire behavior. In addition, bullying is seen top be the leading influencer of violence amongst students. Bullies do not have respects for the fundamental human rights and will always resort to violence with the aim or resolving their issues. The retaliation by the victim might lead to fighting and in some cases gang shootings in schools as reports in the past have shown (Lee, 2004). Frustration from both the victim and the bully might lead to vengeful acts of violence. What Schools Can Do Different schools have reactive measures, which help them in curbing bullying and violence in schools. Some measures such as having surveillance cameras, metal detectors and police officers have not been effective as it was expected. Schools have zero tolerance to acts of bullying and violence in schools. The measures sometimes lead to expulsion and suspensions. However, this has been seen to have a negative impact to the life of the victim, as they would end up being victims of violent vengeful attack by the punished student (Lee, 2004). Nonetheless, schools are expected to come up with programs that would prevent bullying and violence in schools at the same time promoting a positive environment for the victims and the bullies. The programs are expected to have participations from parents, students, members of the community and educators. The first aspect deals with providing early intervention. This would mean that the bullies should be intervened while they are in early stages of education such preschool, middle school or in elementary. Schools, groups and the community are expected to advocate for training the students in social skills (Rigby & Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010). This will work if it is applied together with systematic aggression intervention and counseling for students seen to exhibit bullying behaviors. The program is expected to be spear headed by trained mental health personnel and school psychologists who will be responsible for evaluating and selecting the best programs. The schools are also expected to balance between behavioral with discipline support in their system. Clear understanding of the consequences of bullying and violence should be made standard for all the students. The school is expected to impose interventions that are related to positive behaviors, which will be responsible to change the behavior of the students instead of having programs, which are based on solely punishments (Rigby, 2007). The school is also expected to support the efforts of the parents in teaching the children the expected social skills. Parents are expected to reinforce positive behaviors, which are related to good interpersonal interactions. This can be done through social workers, school psychologists and counselors who will intervene whenever a student is a victim or starts exhibit bullying behaviors. The schools are also expected to equip their staff members and teachers with intervention and prevention skills. The teachers are to be trained identifying and responding to damages which might have resulted from victimization. They are to offer positive modeling and feedback which would foster better social interaction. The schools are also responsible for changing the attitude that is presents in bullying. This will enable the students to empower each other. For instance, there is a trend in schools whereby the other students become bystanders and watch as the weak students are being bullied. It is important for schools to teach them to stand for each other and work together to stand against bullies (Lee, 2004). The concept will make the students feel safe whenever they are with their fellow students. What Parents Can Do When it is a question of bullies, the parents are expected to play a crucial part in ensuring their children do not become bullies. They are expected to always notice their children’s attitude and behaviors. This can be in both victims and bullies. For instance, victims of bullying usually exhibit some behaviors that should signal the parents that there is something wrong. The child might sometimes become withdrawn or reluctant when it’s time to go to school which is normally accompanied by stomachache, headache and sleeping problems. The parents should also notify the school’s administration whenever they notice that their child is a victim of bullying. The parents are also expected to teach their children on strategies of countering bullies. The strategies might range from standing up for themselves and confronting the bully with words which might not lead to violence (Rigby & Australian Council for Educational Research, 2010). Children are also required to pos ses’ good social skills whenever they are young. This is the work of the parents to ensure that they do not have bullying traits whenever they are young as it starts as early as two years. Conclusion It is important that both parents are teachers develop good social skills for the children. Bullying traits start from home and will be exhibited in schools. Therefore, there should be strategies and programs set by both parents and teachers. It is essential that adults construct an environment both in school and in homes that will not be conducive for any act of bullying. It is not inevitable that all the children that are growing will have to bully their counterparts. This is a trait that is normally influenced by the people surrounding the student at home, school, peer groups and the content of the media. Nevertheless, the trait can be prevented or untrained by the individual concerned. The main concept is to make the students understand how to treat each other rather than victimizing them through threats and cruelty. The reason as to why this paper takes a firm stand on acts of bullying is due to the fact that the life of the victim is interfered with sometimes permanently. References Lee, C. (2004). Preventing bullying in schools: A guide for teachers and other professionals. London: Paul Chapman. Rigby, K. (2007). Bullying in schools and what to do about it. Camberwell, Vic: ACER. Rigby, K., & Australian Council for Educational Research. (2010). Bullying interventions in schools: Six basic approaches. Camberwell, Vic: ACER Press. Rigby, K., & Australian Council for Educational Research. (2010). Bullying interventions in schools: Six basic approaches. Camberwell, Vic: ACER Press. Indicate that Bullies do not have respects for the fundamental human rights and will always resort to violence with the aim or resolving their issues. The retaliation by the victim might lead to fighting and in some cases gang shootings in schools as reports in the past have shown. Lee, C. (2004). Preventing bullying in schools: A guide for teachers and other professionals. London: Paul Chapman. This research instigates that some measures such as having surveillance cameras, metal detectors and police officers have not been effective as it was expected in curding bullying and violence in schools. Schools have zero tolerance to acts of bullying and violence in schools. Rigby, K. (2007). Bullying in schools and what to do about it. Camberwell, Vic: ACER. Imply that the school is expected to impose interventions that are related to positive behaviors, which will be responsible to change the behavior of the students instead of having programs, which are based on solely punishments. Source document

Lululemon Business Strategy Essay Essays

Lululemon Business Strategy Essay Essays Lululemon Business Strategy Essay Essay Lululemon Business Strategy Essay Essay Lululemon was founded by Chip Wilson who took a commercial yoga category in Vancouver and was instantly drawn in to the construct. After passing many old ages in the breaker. skate. and snowboarding concern. he found yoga was performed utilizing cotton vesture and this seemed inappropriate because it neither removed perspiration adequately nor did it let for maximal flexibleness. Given his passion and expertness in proficient athletic cloths. he began a motion in yoga vesture where he relied on feedback from yoga teachers to optimise his dress. Lululemon was founded in 1998 to run into these ends. It opened its first shop in November 2000 in Kitsilano. a beach country of Vancouver BC. Beyond acquiring feedback from teachers on how to better the public presentation of the dress. the house sought to move as a community hub where people can interact and portion the physical and mental facets of holding a healthy life style. 1. What are the cardinal elements of the scheme that Lululemon is prosecuting? What generic scheme best tantrums Lululemon’s scheme? The five cardinal elements are: Turn the company shop base in North America The strategic aim was to add new shops to beef up the company’s presence and so tap into new geographical markets in the Canada and US Increase trade name consciousness Leveraging the promotion environing. the gap of new shops with grass roots marketing plans. This included forming events and partnering with local fittingness managers. Introduce new merchandise engineerings Continue to concentrate on developing and offering merchandises that incorporate engineering enhanced cloths. and public presentation characteristics that differentiate Lululemon for its rival and increase its client base. Broaden the entreaty of Lululemon merchandises This is divided in 3 subdivisions1. Adding work forces apparel to the line2. Expanding to merchandise class to points such as athletic bags. unmentionables. sandals. outerwear 3. Adding merchandises suited extra athleticss and athletic activities Expand beyond North America Expand their presence in Australia and Japan. Then finally prosecute the Asian and European markets that offer similar. attractive demographics. Distinctive shopping expericanceSupply a typical in-store shopping experience. complemented by strong ties to fitness teachers. fittingness constitutions and community events The two biggest strategic accommodations since 2007 had been to drawback from the usage of franchising and sell straight to the consumers through the company web site. Lululemon fits itself in a differentiated niche scheme 2. Is Lululemon’s scheme effectual? Let’s expression at the following to find if the scheme is effectual for Lululemon The house presently has three sections: Corporate-Owned Shops The corporate-owned shops section includes all gross revenues to clients through corporate-owned shops in North America and Australia. This section is by far Lululemon’s largest gross base and will go on to be successful as Lululemon looks to spread out its base in 2012 by opening 30 shops in the United States and 2 Ivivva Athletica shops in Canada. Direct To Consumers The Direct to Consumers section involves Lululemon’s e-commerce web site. Which is 10. 6 % of gross ( 2011 ) comes from this section. The thought buttocks is to switch from brick-and-mortar shops to online channels. Lululemon’s committedness to increasing its presence in e-commerce will assist the company spread out its client base and better trade name consciousness. Franchise While antecedently franchise gross revenues were portion of their scheme. the company reported that it will no longer partake in the concern and that it had reacquired its four staying franchise shops during financial 2011. SWOT Analysis StrengthTrademarked clothsCommunity engagement – offered free yoga category on monthly footing Employee preparationInventionStyle/comfortMultiple green enterprisesQuality – merchandises designed to prolong 5 old ages of intended usage while keeping functional Brand individualityFailingHigh retail monetary valueNarrow merchandise lineQuality control/supply concatenationSelling targeted to largely yoga instructors/studiosLoss of client service with increased graduated tableWeak trade name acknowledgmentLack of aiming to work forcesOpportunityExpand merchandise lineServe extra market sectionsExpand into extra geographic marketsIncreased demand in athletic dressFitness fadMenacesIncreased competition from current big participants in the market Copy catsEconomyNew entrantsHazard of banking on niche markets Lululemon merely went public five old ages ago and have non entered any new industries ( concentrating largely in the fittingness dress industry ) . They have done some corporate restructuring shortly after the company was formed. Lululemon entered into franchise understandings and so a joint venture. The thought behind this was based on turning the trade name to run into consumer demand while conserving fiscal resources. This was a really effectual scheme and served Lululemon good in set uping themselves as a transnational company. assisting to construct on economic systems of range. increasing trade name consciousness and edifice a larger client base. In 2011. Lululemon eventually repurchased all the franchise organisations and now all of their shops are corporate owned. The ultimate motivation for shuting out the franchise concern was to continue and keep control over stigmatization and concentrate more on e-commerce. We believe this scheme will work good for Lululemon as it prese rves its trade name image / competitory advantage and remaining competitory in the online market every bit good. 3. Top Key Issues confronting the company needs to concentrate on are: The analysis shows us that the retail dress industry is competitory with really low barriers to entry. Lululemon’s success will pull new rivals to the industry and attract involvement from bing rivals. Ultimately. this is a competitory industry with limited barriers to entry. The athletic dress industry is really competitory. with good capitalized challengers such as Nike and Gap. Inc. Lululemon has limited rational belongings in respects to its public presentation cloths and fabrication procedures. therefore the quality and invention constituents of scheme could easy be replicated. Lululemon’s self reenforcing activities. such as mark client base. tailored merchandises and community based selling attack make it really disputing for bing retail merchants to dispute Lululemon in its market from their ain shop bases. However. there are limited barriers to entry in this industry and Lululemon should anticipate new competition to seek to copy its format This analysis brings us to issues the company is / could confront: Increasing CompetitionDespite busying a alone niche within the athletic dress industry. Lululemon has late gained rivals in recent old ages. I. e. Large companies with big market capitals such as Nike. Adidas. and Under Armor have dominated the athletic dress industry and maintain deriving more land. With the exclusion of a committedness to making advanced merchandises in dress. these enterprises are in contrast to Lululemon. In order to market its merchandises. Lululemon wholly shuns off from print or media advertisement and alternatively focal points on choosing embassadors within carefully selected markets. As a consequence. it’s possible for Lululemon’s rivals to accomplish and keep trade name consciousness and market portion more rapidly Narrow focal point Lululemon is targeted towards sophisticated and educated adult females who understand importance of active. healthy life style. Under-Armor. Nike. and Adidas are targeted towards work forces and adult females of all ages. New Menaces Apart from the large name athletic dress makers. rivals such as Gap’s Athleta trade name. Lucy Activewear Inc. and Bebe Stores’ BEBE SPORT aggregation have emerged as rivals to Lululemon. Price Point and Manufacturing In visible radiation of the new and old rivals. Lululemon could be forced to sell their merchandises at lower monetary value therefore cut downing borders. Plus Lululemon does non have sole rational belongings rights to the engineering for its merchandises. This makes it easier for current and future rivals to fabricate and sell merchandises with similar public presentation capablenesss and styling. Cross-country differences in demographic. cultural and market conditions. Buyer tastes for a peculiar merchandise or service sometimes differ well from state to state. Sometimes. merchandise designs suited in one state are inappropriate in another because of differing local criterions. Lululemon is runing in an international market place and they have to wrestle with whether and how much to custom-make their merchandises in each different state market to fit the gustatory sensations and penchants of local purchasers or whether to prosecute a scheme of offering a largely standardised merchandise worldwide. For illustration. the vesture for adult females offered in the winter season will be different from Canada to Australia and vise versa. First. Australia gets barely any snow and while Canada on the other manus. gets majorly hit every winter. Therefore. the running cogwheel and the hoodies offered in both states will change because of the temperature and the clime. Making merchandises that are closely matched to local gustatory sensations make them more appealing to local purchasers. custom-making Lululemon’s merchandises state by state may hold the consequence of raising production and distribution costs due to the greater assortment of designs and constituents. shorter production tallies. and the complications of added stock list stigmatization and distribution logistics. The 2nd issue of multinational scheme incorporates elements of both a globalized and localized attack to scheme devising. This type of in-between land scheme is called for when there are comparatively high demands for local reactivity every bit good as appreciable benefits to be realized from standardisation. This scheme that Lululemon is seeking to use has its ain disadvantages. such as ; it is more complex and harder to implement. conflicting ends may be hard to accommodate and necessitate tradeoffs and execution more dearly-won and time-consuming. All major planetary companies employ the franchising scheme. With the franchising scheme. the franchisee bears most of the costs and hazards of set uping foreign locations ; while Lululemon would hold to use merely the resources to enroll. train. support. and proctor franchisees. The large job that Lululemon is confronting presently has to bear all costs of shops all around the universe. With this. they would hold to guarantee that they are supplying the merchandises at discounted costs but besides holding to supervise to guarantee that their criterion for shops and client service and experience is maintained. 4. Recommendations for direction to better public presentation / reference key issues The recommendations we have for direction is to better public presentation and turn to the cardinal issues. are using a think planetary and act local scheme ( Transnational ) . They need to guarantee that each state does hold the needed customizations because the demographics. cultural differences and market conditions vary from state to state. They need to guarantee that all their locations follow the same guidelines and client satisfaction guidelines like they have for their primary locations. Price point and Fabrication Lululemon does non have any rational belongings to the engineering of what processes their merchandises. In bend this makes it easy for rivals to copy their manner. Through analysis. a recommendation to work out this issue would be to patent their processing system. This would be good to the company in such ways as ; increasing monetary value points. which in bend additions overall net incomes. It will besides let for a higher competitory advantage. doing it hard for viing company’s to copy or copy their manner. Sponsor Events and Shows Lululemon should patronize some kind of events to derive promotion and increase trade name awareness. Such can be done by forming yoga events on a expansive graduated table or some kind of featuring event. Not as high graduated table as done by its rivals ( Nike sponsors the PGA Golf and Adidas patrons FIFA ) E. g. Lululemon could form a yoga event at the Metro Convention Hall. Toronto Expand in Asia and Europe The company should be after to heighten its European and Asia market. enrolling new direction endowment and originating an aggressive plan to regionalize this concern using a consistent trade name image throughout Europe and Asia. New Customers Lululemon should happen new clients base other than its niche market. A possible mark niche would be adding dress for golf and tennis into its shops. Action Plan to turn to issues and better public presentation The undermentioned action program is the recommended stairss we believe would be the appropriate attack to successfully finishing these recommendations. Appendix 1Value Chain Analysis Supply Chain Management45 different makers. no long-run contracts – can better quality control and lower costs by diminishing # and holding to contracts OperationssTighten review and confirmation procedures to guarantee another callback does non happen ( diaphanous bloomerss issue ) DistributionFacilities merely in Vancouver-BC. Sumner. Washington. and Melbourne. Australia Limits Company’s reach Growth in on-line gross revenues can countervail Sales/MarketingDepend on word of oral cavity and community based selling – can increase selling via media ( telecasting. magazines. etc. ) and other avenues

J.L is a 17 year old junior that came in with comp Essays - Bacteria

J.L is a 17 year old junior that came in with comp Essays - Bacteria J.L is a 17 year old junior that came in with complaints of urinary tract manifestations and increasingly severe urethral burning during urination that has persisted for three days. She has said that her vaginal discharge has been yellow and thick. She also reports mild anal itching but denies any other symptoms. She reported that she had sex for the first time during prom two weeks ago. It was also reported that she and her date did not use a condom. Along with a heightened frequen cy of urination and mild incontinence she also experiences mild erythema and yellow-white discharge, cervical tenderness and edema. J.L also has a pH of 5.0 which is slightly more ac idic than normal. Her urinalysis shows that she has 10 RBC as well as WBC in her urine which is unusual. She also tested positive for gram-negative diplococci. On further investigation of her results her Nucleic Acid Amplification Test showed her positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis. J.L's one major risk factor in all of this was the fact that she engaged in unprotected sex. Gonorrhea is the second most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States today. It accounts for more than three hundred thousand cases annually. There is concern that due to the low rate of reporting cases of gonorrhea, almost the same number (300,000 cases) goes unreported annually. In men Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; the etiologic agent of gonorrheal infections have been incriminated in urethritis while in women cervicitis ; which can progress to pelvic inflammatory disease(PID), ectopic pregnancy, infertility and pelvic pain. Invasive infections include disseminated gonococcal infections(DGI), meningitidis and endocarditis. The latter two are considerably uncommon but they can result in serious morbidity. Epidemiologically, overall rates of infections have plummeted since the mid-1970s to a rate of approximately 116.2 cases per 100, 000 cases by the end of 2003 . Despite these statistical representations of overall decline in gonorrheal cases, racial disparities still persist and antibiotic resistance has been on the increase. The reasons behind this disparity in reduction is attributable to geographical clustering of the populace, differences in accessing and utilizing health services, sexual partner choices coupled to a set of complex and interrelated socioeconomic influences. Differential reporting by members of the public can also magnify the statistical racial disparity. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram- negative , non motile, non spore forming diplococcus belonging to the family Neisseriaceae . It is the principal etiologic agent of gonorrhea. Other pathogenic species in the same family is Neisseria meningitidis. These two species are genetically related but N. meningitidis is not usually taken as an etiologic agent of a sexually transmitted disease. However, it can infect the mucous membranes in the anogenital area among homosexual men . Both bacteria are classified as pyogenic cocci since their infections are characterized with the production of purulent material composed of white blood cells. The genus Neisseria is also composed of other species; Neisseria lactamica, Neisseria cinerea , Neisseria polysaccharea and Neisseria flavescens . These species are comparatively more related to Neisseria gonorrhoeae than the saccharolytic strains like Neisseria sicca , Neisseria subflava and Neisseri a mucosa . The latter species are basically non pathogenic normal flora resident in the nasopharyngeal mucous membranes . Structurally, Neisseria gonorrhoeae are unencapsulated, non motile, pilated organisms that have a pair of kidney beans like appearance. These pili are hair like surface appendages made of helical aggregates of subunit peptide repeats referred to as Palin . These structures are used by the organism to attach onto mucosal and epithelial cell surfaces as well as to confer resistance to pha gocytic action. The pili acts as an important virulence factor. Pili are also antigenic. The existence of at least twenty gonococcal genes that code for pili confer the bacteria with the ability to synthesize and express multiple pili at different times. Neisseria gonorrhoeae also possess gonococcal lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that have shorter and more branched non repeat O-antigenic side chains. The outer membrane proteins(OMPs) confer antigenic diversity among the different strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae . OMP I functions as a porin complex with OMP III. OMP II; the opac ity protein, renders gonococcal colonies less translucent. Together with pili, OMP II, mediate host

Shipmaster Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Shipmaster Business - Assignment Example The rules are as follows (Giaschi, C2007); Dealing with letter (a), before the voyage began, the ship must be seaworthy meaning all systems including little details before the ship would have its voyage must be looked upon and be resolved in case of malfunctions and similar problems in order to ensure that the cargo ship including the goods that it transports are safe during the time of voyage as well as to comply with the expected time of arrival of the ship. In the case of the carrier ship, there are instances that the voyage master has to deviate from the planned route in order to respond from mayday due to malfunctioning of several parts particularly with the steering failure issue as the problem was addressed to the company but during those instances, the company failed to compensate the needs in which the cargo ship perhaps opted to have its voyage due to the fact that there are a lot of goods that are in need to be transported and this leads into voyage of the ship neglecting the standards that are prescribed by the said rule. If we are to further fathom the said premise, we might conclude that the ship opt to have its voyage due to the fact that there are a lot of cargo that are to be transported and time constraint is the main reason why the voyage pursue, in this case, the company has the liability on the issue of that the goods doesn't arrive on time due to re-routing as the voyage master has to declare mayday due to the malfun ctioning of the ship. In the case of the contaminated rice due to the presence of rodents on sacks which was later brought to the holds and later contaminated the goods stored in that particular case, the company has its right to invoke its exemptions on the liability on the basis stated in article II of the law. Amissah 1993, re-stated the rule under the said article as "Subject to the provisions of Article VI, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, shall be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities and entitled to the rights and immunities hereinafter set forth." Shipmaster Business 3 Looking into the elements on the said article, in the loading stage, the person in charge in the said stage which is the second mate in which several goods has to be scanned before being boarded into the ship in order for the higher authorities in the ship to decide as to whether the goods has to be loaded or not. The second mate, have done his job relaying the sightings of the rodent in the containers containing the goods which would subsequently be a major source of contamination with other goods that are loaded within the same storage room. In relation to the fourth article in which the premises are stated much clearer than the second premise, it is stated in section 1 that (www.jus.uio.no 2007), "Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be liable for loss or damage arising or resulting

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Case Study Example Apart from advising the franchisees about how to promote the outlets in their respective areas and the local market, McFadden can take other steps to encourage the franchisees to promote their outlets like he can provide additional funds for promotions and also can provide some incentives and rewards for those franchisees who perform better in promoting the outlets in the local market. McFadden should analyse the franchisability properly before making any decision. Determining franchisability means to asses that whether the business is worth franchisable that means the entrepreneur must determine that whether the business is profitable or not, whether the business model can be easily copied by the competitor, does the business model can be easily adopted by the competitors, is the business model has any unique feather which is different from the others etc (Shakespeare, 1995, p.90). As the competitors are able to copy the business model of McFadden therefore it is clear that the franchisability was not properly analysed as a result the competitor can imitate it. To control the situation, first of all Just Cuts should restructure the business model in such a way which will be difficult to copy. In response to the imitators, Just Cuts can bring innovation in its services in terms of enhanced quality and customer satisfaction. Some of these things have already been d one by the management of Just Cuts. Apart from this, Just cuts should change their policies regarding the services it offers so that the competitors cannot always imitate the policies. Just Cuts can also go for branding its products so that the customers can distinguish the services from those of the imitators. Good branding will also reduce the anxiety of the franchisees regarding the low cost service providers because branded services always finds its place in the market. Deciding on the franchising fee is an important aspect of franchising. Some franchisees require less funds

TAKE HOME FINAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

TAKE HOME FINAL - Essay Example In chapter 10, page 191, There is a tendency when reading critical accounts of communication and culture to slip into â€Å"What’s the point of all these?† Or, better yet, â€Å"if this is true, then the problem is too big and we are all doomed.† One’s language will influence their view of the world and how they perceive their surroundings, the environment and even how the think; this is culture. In chapter one page 7 â€Å"Culture is a system of shared meanings and assumptions that draw people together within a social context of shared power.† The above definition points to the fact that culture is reflected in one’s language and reflects on how the particular people perceive the world (Warren & Deanna, 2011). The other point of view is that Culture is reflected in language. Cultural is reflected in language. Cultural requirements do not determine structure of language, but influence how, but influence how it is used. Human beings do not liv e in isolation but with other human beings. This living together brings in the urge to communicate with one another and pass information from one person to another. It is this communication that leads to the development of language. Language is therefore considered a means for communication mostly through verbal means. It is only logical that people who live close to another have a higher urge to communicate to one another and thus higher likely hood of having similar words in their language. It is also likely that the people who live close to one another often share a lot. For instance, they are likely to be living in the same vicinity and thus experience the same climatic conditions. This means if they are farmers, they are likely to engage in farming of similar crops, the same goes to pastoralists, traders, e.t.c. this leads to a particular way of doing things within the given area, hence culture. They tend to have a similar way of living and going about their daily activities. P eople of the same culture are often under the same umbrella of power. They share the same geographical space and as such are likely to be under the same authority. The language therefore that is most likely to emanate from this kind of people is likely to be related if not one. The information they are to communicate is mostly identical. In page 8 chapter one, â€Å"Power is a productive resulting from our different locations within culture (Warren & Deanna, 2011). By productive tension, we mean that our heightened awareness of power in our relationship with one another can be instructive- it can teach us about ourselves and each other, and communication.† The above therefore answers the question on how power, language, and culture is related. The relationship between culture and language is however more compound than the relationship between language and culture (Talk, 2008). In page 197, chapter one, â€Å"the power of communication is just that: power. If we can see the w orld through the lens of constructive theories of communication, if we understand the relationship between communication and culture as important and meaningful (and not just coincidental or easy), then we are faced with the most fundamental, hopeful bottom line: If the world is communicatively constructed, then none of the inequalities or violations or oppressions is given or inevitable and, because this is true we can always create the change we desire.†

Blast Report Essay Example for Free

Blast Report Essay Blast Report The case study I received was about a family of four that was experiencing symptoms of fever, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. The children were affected more severely than the adults. It seems that the family consumed spoiled food considering that their fridge broke early in the day and they ate the food that was in there later on. My blast came up with a 99. 6% match with Salmonella typhimurium. This seems to be an accurate match considering the symptoms related with a Salmonella typhimurium infection. Salmonella causes gastroenteritis with symptoms f diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain with elderly people, children and pregnant women being at greatest risk of developing infection. This is consistent with the familys children having more severe symptoms. Symptoms typically last two to five days. S. typhimurium causes infection by invading the intestinal mucosa and multiplying in specialized vacuoles and then invading the liver and spleen where it causes systematic disease. S. typhimurium enters the host orally through spoiled or undercooked meat and the incubation period is about 12 to 24 hours. It can also be transmitted through the fecal matter or contaminated water which can easily happen in poorly developed countries with poor waste management. Infection of S. typhimurium is highest in countries with poor sanitation but it can occur in any part of the world. The infection should clear up on its own for healthy individuals with access to clean water and food but if the infection spreads to the bloodstream, antibiotics will need to be taken. Transmission can be easily prevented by properly handling and cooking food, and by washing hands often. Since this family is therwise healthy and has access to clean food and water, they should be fine within a few days with no need for antibiotics. S. typhimurium is a rod shaped gram-negative bacterium. It is a facultative anaerobe so it does not require oxygen to survive. It is also motile via use of flagella. Unlike most Salmonella species, S. typhimurium does not ferment lactose. The citation I selected discusses the effect of the addition of nisin to current Salmonella antibiotics. Overuse and abuse of antibiotics has lead to a serious ongoing problem of antibiotic resistance.